• Here we provide evidence that NO

  2024-05-21

  

  Here, we provide evidence that NO contributes to changes in synaptic strength, but also offer an explanation as to why previous attempts to link NO to LTP have often failed. Our results describe a model by which cycling AMPARs, held in intracellular pools, are rapidly delivered to the membrane surfa

• Bioinformatics tools are becoming more powerful and reliable

  2024-05-21

  

  Bioinformatics tools are becoming more powerful and reliable due to the growing number and availability of experimentally determined protein structures (Arnold et al., 2006, Suplatov et al., 2015, Wiltgen and Tilz, 2009). The SWISS-MODEL and MODELLER programs are most frequently used for homology or

• Tie2 kinase inhibitor The consensus amino acid recognition s

  2024-05-20

  

  The consensus amino Tie2 kinase inhibitor recognition sequence for p38α substrates is (Ser/Thr)Pro (Cuadrado and Nebreda, 2010), typically assisted by upstream docking motifs (Remenyi et al, 2005, Sharrocks et al, 2000). P450c17 has 32 Ser and 25 Thr residues, of which only Thr 341 and Ser 427 are i

• br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest The authors

  2024-05-20

  

  Author contributions Conflicts of interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 166–Project C1 and grant CA 1014/1-1 to D.C.) and the IZKF Würzbur

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements br

  2024-05-20

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important intracellular signaling system that regulates diverse cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [1]. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (A

• Our previous studies and others have identified that the inh

  2024-05-20

  

  Our previous studies and others have identified that the inhalational anesthetic isoflurane induces neuronal apoptosis via [Ca2+]i overload through the opening of synaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) and the excessive Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (Zhao et al., 2011; Zha

• Introduction The corpus luteum CL is a transient endocrine g

  2024-05-20

  

  Introduction The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland that differentiates from the thecal and granulosal cells of the ovarian follicle after ovulation. Its formation and limited lifespan in the mammalian ovary is important for fertility, as the CL produces progesterone (P4), the essent

• Recently whey products have been added to

  2024-05-20

  

  Recently, whey products have been added to nutritional beverages to boost their antioxidant capacity. Supplementation of a lemon drink with 1% WP hydrolyzed by subtilisin increased the antioxidant activity of the beverage from 0.75 to 7.79 mmol of TE/L (Athira et al., 2014). In addition, a flavored

• Plant pathogenic fungi have caused a

  2024-05-20

  

  Plant pathogenic fungi have caused a lot of economic losses to agricultural production worldwide every year. It is necessary to develop an bio-sourced antifungal agent for agricultural use. Many researches have shown that the antifungal activity of quaternized chitosan derivatives is mainly affected

• br Conclusions br Funding This work

  2024-05-20

  

  Conclusions Funding This work was supported by a Finnish government subsidy for health science research [grant numbers TYH2012141, TYH 2013218, and TYH 2014216]; the SSAC Foundation [grant numbers SLS-504141 and SLS-693781]; and the Paulo Foundation. The funding sources had no involvement in s

• Abnormalities in placentation in patients with

  2024-05-20

  

  Abnormalities in placentation in patients with PE appear to be associated with changes in different components of the signaling pathway that mediates cytotrophoblast migration/invasion. Studies have showed that the activation of the Notch signaling pathway is associated with the differentiation and

• br Results and discussion In order to investigate the assemb

  2024-05-20

  

  Results and discussion In order to investigate the assembly dynamics and aggregate structures of Aβ16-22, twelve molecular systems with the number of peptides varying from 1 to 12 were studied. In all simulations, the same peptide concentration (~15 mM) was maintained by adjusting the dimensions

• The AMP Activated Protein Kinase AMPK has evolved as

  2024-05-20

  

  The 5′AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) has evolved as an important cellular sensor of reduced energy status that can subsequently phosphorylate its target proteins, slowing the rates of key biosynthetic processes and promoting energy producing pathways; for these reasons AMPK has been proposed as

• br Experimental methods br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2024-05-20

  

  Experimental methods Acknowledgments Introduction Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at excitatory synapses are thought to underlie experience-dependent learning and memory. These synaptic plasticity mechanisms are best characterized at hippocampal CA1 synapses, whe

• br Results br Discussion Using

  2024-05-20

  

  Results Discussion Using primarily an electrophysiological analysis of dysbindin-deficient hippocampal neurons in cultures and slices, we have uncovered a previously unreported role for dysbindin in enhancing CA3–CA1 AMPAR-mediated transmission. An earlier study, however, has reported a reduct

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