• Although BPA has been proven to cause

  2021-01-06

  

  Although BPA has been proven to cause many health issues such as obesity and neurological toxicity (Rubin, 2011), the effects and mechanisms of BPA on the human tumorigenesis and cancer development are still not well illustrated. In the present study, we found that 10 to 10M BPA significantly promot

• Additionally both in vitro and

  2021-01-06

  

  Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that a Ca2+ influx is closely related to apoptosis (Rizzuto et al., 2003). Calmodulin (CaM) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells, which senses intracellular calcium levels by bindi

• br Thy nephritis is one of

  2021-01-06

  

  Thy1.1 nephritis is one of the most commonly used models to study the course of immunoglobulin A and other mesangioproliferative nephropathies. To date, most of the studies have focused on mesangial and, to a lesser extent, endothelial cell recovery following capillary damage, whereas data concern

• It is well known that acrolein a metabolite of

  2021-01-06

  

  It is well known that acrolein, a metabolite of cyclophosphamide, is responsible for the cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis, and that acrolein is capable of activating TRPA1 channels expressed in the capsaicin-sensitive primary afferents [2], [11]. In this context, it is likely that the early phase o

• In general terms PLA s participate in

  2021-01-06

  

  In general terms, PLA2s participate in the Lands cycle of phospholipid fatty [Ala92]-p16 (84-103) recycling [1,15,25], whereby the fatty acid composition at the sn-2 position of phospholipids is tightly controlled by a balance between hydrolytic reactions mediated by PLA2s versus activation of the

• Moreover Hypericum perforatum L was also included

  2021-01-06

  

  Moreover, Hypericum perforatum L. was also included in the initial screening, showing only a weak percentage of inhibition on both enzymes. In fact, it was not selected among the most active plants. The phytochemical profiles of these three Hypericum species were already reported to be significantly

• br Experimental procedures br Acknowledgments br Introductio

  2021-01-06

  

  Experimental procedures Acknowledgments Introduction Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control many fundamental cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and metabolism (Lemmon and Schlessinger, 2010). RTK activity is normally tightly controlled, and dysregu

• br Effects of culture conditions on

  2021-01-06

  

  Effects of culture conditions on drug-induced gene TC-I 15 in primary human hepatocytes Past progress in elucidating the optimal conditions for the long-term cultivation of rodent hepatocytes has helped define some of the key components in the matrix and medium environment that are most critical

• Despite robust translation of GA only small

  2021-01-06

  

  Despite robust translation of GA, only small amounts of GR and GP were translated in cultured thyrotropin receptor and chick embryo spinal cord neural cells from the 75 copies of G4C2 in monocistronic constructs. Interestingly, GA is also the most common dipeptide found in autopsy tissue in FALS pa

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-01-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Macrophages and dendritic cells respond to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands by upregulating CH25H expression [4], [5]. In the latter cell type TLR-dependent upregulation is mediated via a signalling pathway that involves NFκB and IFNβ secretion and c

• Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryoti

  2021-01-06

  

  Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryotic organisms. It is the main system for the degradation of bulk cytoplasmic components in cells (Feng et al., 2014), but it also plays a crucial role in other processes, as immunity (Wileman, 2013), mitochondrial (Dengjel and Abeliovich, 201

• ubiquitin activating enzyme br Experimental section br Autho

  2021-01-06

  

  Experimental section Author contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Many ubiquitin activating enzyme in cells are sequential enzymatic reactions where the product of one enzyme serves as the substrate of a second enzyme (1, 2). Experimental evidence suggests that some of these conse

• br Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of

  2021-01-06

  

  Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, accounting for more than 1.5 million deaths in 2012. Non–small-cell lung cancers represent approximately 85% of lung neoplasms; among these, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) account for approximately 30% of cases. The

• To overcome problems with the biochemical reconstitution of

  2021-01-06

  

  To overcome problems with the biochemical reconstitution of these heterodimeric cytokines fusion strategies linking both subunits together have been proposed inspired by the “hyper-IL-6” [28]. Much like fusing a protein to a solubility enhancing protein such as MBP or SUMO, fusing two subunits of a

• br Results br Discussion br

  2021-01-06

  

  Results Discussion Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments In the preceding paper, we reported 3-amido-4-anilinoquinolines as highly selective inhibitors of CSF-1R kinase, along with our initial efforts to optimize the series. Examples from the 6,7-dimethoxyquinoline series were very p

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