• Contrary to the profuse dopaminergic innervation of

  2019-07-09

  

  Contrary to the profuse dopaminergic innervation of the thalamus found in human and non-human primates (Brown et al., 1979, Sanchez-Gonzalez et al., 2005), in rodents, the RTn is one the few thalamic nuclei that receives dopaminergic input (Anaya-Martinez et al., 2006, Garcia-Cabezas et al., 2007, G

• Sp family protein has been regarded as the

  2019-07-09

  

  Sp family protein has been regarded as the housekeeping gene and is ubiquitously expressed. Although Sp family expression is regulated with some stimuli [17], [20], the total Sp family protein levels are not changed in most cases, as observed in our present study (Fig. 4). Constitutive binding of th

• During host cell interactions G intestinalis trophozoites up

  2019-07-09

  

  During host-cell interactions, G. intestinalis trophozoites up-regulate several cell-associated proteins, including high-cysteine membrane proteins (HCMPs) and variant surface proteins (VSPs) [8]. The parasite also releases around 200 proteins upon host-cell contact, including many proteases [9,10].

• ITE weight br Phenotypic responses alkylation induced

  2019-07-08

  

  Phenotypic responses: alkylation-induced cell death and mutagenesis E. coli alkB mutants were isolated in a screen for strains specifically sensitive to the cytotoxicity of MMS but not UV-irradiation. This was the first indication that the AlkB protein is a primary cellular defence against alkyla

• In this study we examined a

  2019-07-08

  

  In this study, we examined a possible association between the 19-bp ZM 306416 and the 9-bp repeat in the DHFR gene and the risk of spina bifida in 121 mothers of a spina bifida affected child, 292 control women, 109 spina bifida patients and 234 pediatric controls using a case-control design. Furth

• br Authors contributions br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2019-07-08

  

  Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic American film is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by oxidation of

• Here although tibolone reduced the expression of

  2019-07-08

  

  Here, although tibolone reduced the expression of inflammatory genes such as IL6, IL1β, TLR4 and MIR155-3p, in the presence of PA stimulation, it increased the expression of TNF gene. It should be noted that TNF has pleiotropic effects in the CNS, therefore its increased expression does not always i

• Our observation that nuclear but

  2019-07-08

  

  Our observation that nuclear, but not cytoplasmic EP4 expression is associated with different outcomes is interesting. In breast cancer, using the same methods, we did not detect EP4 in the nucleus of malignant hedgehog inhibitor whereas cytoplasmic EP4 was commonly observed [13]. While G protein-c

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Here

  2019-07-08

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Here we show expression of the EP1 receptor in the hippocampus of mice and the functional influence of the EP1 receptor on kainic Mirin structure induced seizures. Mice lacking a functional EP1 receptor gene displayed a lower tendency to enter statu

• br Material and methods br Results

  2019-07-08

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion The results show for the first time that DDRs may be involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. We found that DDR1 and DDR2 levels are up-regulated in post-mortem AD and PD brains, suggesting that these receptors play a role

• In attempts to further purify His Artemis

  2019-07-08

  

  In attempts to further purify [His]6-Artemis, numerous matrices were assessed including anion and cation exchange, and Methoxy-X04 interaction chromatography. The results from these matrices were universally poor (data not shown). Fractionation via adsorption chromatography on a hydroxyapatite (HAP

• br Competing interests br Acknowledgements br Introduction D

  2019-07-08

  

  Competing interests Acknowledgements Introduction Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) phosphorylates diacylglycerol (DG) in biomembranes to produce phosphatidic comt inhibitors (PA) [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. To date, ten mammalian DGK isozymes (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η, θ, ι and κ) have been identi

• br Results and discussion br Conclusions An

  2019-07-08

  

  Results and discussion Conclusions An optimization study of the dipeptidyl enoates was performed by chemical structure modifications (Fig. 5). Compound FGA50 displaying R configuration at C-3 was more active than its epimer FGA40. Two modifications of the chemical structure of FGA50 were done:

• As the angular structure of

  2019-07-05

  

  As the angular structure of compound cannot be differentiated from the linear structure by H NMR spectroscopy, a NOESY NMR experiment was performed to unambiguously characterize the regioselectivity of the final compound. In the linear compound , a signature correlation between the proton of the thi

• Our finding that one enzyme acts

  2019-07-05

  

  Our finding that one enzyme acts both as a primase and a DNAP poses evolutionary and mechanistic questions. In particular, why do cellular organisms require two enzymes to fulfill de novo DNA synthesis? The inability of cellular replicases to perform as primases might be dictated by the challenges a

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